Sunday, August 22, 2010

გლობალიზაციის გამოწვევები ფრანგული მემარცხენეობისთვის - ლორან ბომელი


didi madloba yvelas mobrZanebisTvis da didi madloba
gias da marinas am Sekrebis organizebisTvis! me gaxlavarT
safrangeTis socialisturi partiis wevri, magram
am konferenciaze warmovadgen Jan Joresis fonds.
anu dRes me ar var socialisturi partiis oficialuri
warmomadgeneli da misi saxeliT ar vsaubrob.
me ar visaubreb zogad Teoriul midgomebze globalizaciisadmi,
imitom rom aq arian mecnierebi, mkvlevarebi.
me warmogidgenT ubralod im xedvas, romelic aqvT
globalizaciis mimarT memarcxeneebs.
ramodenime momenti, romliTac me minda daviwyo saubari
globalizaciaze: xSirad saubroben am terminis gansazRvrebasa
da mniSvnelobaze. me mas ganvsazRvrav rogorc
axali donis urTierTobebs, romlebic sxvanairad warmoaCenen
saerTaSoriso urTierTobebs. globalizacia
iZleva saSualebas, rom ufro Semcirdes is distancia,
romelic adre arsebobda qveynebs Soris. Cven amJamad gvainteresebs
globalizacia, rogorc kulturuli movlena.
es is movlenaa, romelsac zogierTi mkvlevari uwodebs
globalur sofels. zogjer Cven globalizacia gvesmis
ise, rogorc amerikanizacia. agreTve unda gvaxsovdes, rom
globalizaciis pirobebSi erovnuli kultura jer kidev
Zalian Zlieri rCeba, dResdReobiT, erebi rCebian kvlav
Zalian Zlierebi. globalizacia, Cemi azriT, esaa pirvel
rigSi ekonomikuri globalizacia. am termins aqvs sami
Semadgeneli nawili. esaa saerTaSoriso komerciis gavrceleba;
esaa kapitalis koncentrireba; da produqciis
internacionalizacia. anu SeiZleba produqcia iwarmoebodes
nebismier adgilas da iyidebodes nebismier adgilas.
es vrceldeba warmoebazec. amitom globalizacias aqvs
sami Sedegi: esaa saerTaSoriso konkurenciis gamwvaveba
es konkurencia gavlenas axdens, rogorc momxmarebelze,
aseve mwarmoebelze; esaa axali qveynebis integrireba msoflio
ekonomikaSi. magram igi agreTve qmnis garkveul problemebs:
esaa is, rom nawili qveynebisa rCebian am konkurenciis
gareT. globalizacias agereTve moaqvs anazRaurebaTa
Soris gansxavebaTa zrda, rac Zalian mniSvnelovania ise-
Ti ganviTarebuli qveynebisaTvis, rogoricaa, magaliTad,
safrangeTi. globalizaciis Sedegad kapitalizmis xelSewyoba
da ganviTareba aris kidev ufro mZlavri. es ki
cvlis Zalebis ganawilebas kapitalsa da Sromas Soris.
ekonomikuri globalizaciis meore negatiuri Sedegia
globaluri finansuri arastabiluroba, rac gamoixateba
savaluto krizisSi da spekulaciaSi. globalizaciis
mesame uaryofiTi Sedegia cakleuli qveynebis SesaZleblobis
Semcireba ekonomikuri mobilizebis mosaxdenad.
memarcxeneobam 80-ian wlebSi, miteranis arCevis Semdeg,
garkveuli cvlilebebi ganicada. es moxda maSin,
rodesac safrangeTma scada keinsianisturi politika
ewarmoebina. am dros germanias, romelic safrangeTis
mTavari partniori iyo, ar qonda amgvari politika. aman
gamoiwvia Zalian didi ekonomikuri problemebi. es iyo
pirveli Sedegi, romelic safrangeTma globalizaciis
Sedegad iwvnia. axla minda visaubro, Tu ra Sedegebi
moitana am gamocdilebam safrangeTis memarcxeneobisaTvis.
safrangeTis memarcxeneoba iZulebuli gaxda SeeTavsebina
globalizaciis pirveli Sedegi Semdegi principisaTvis:
CvenTvis franguli memarcxeneoba SeiZleba gansazRvruli
iyos ori ideis mixedviT. es ori idea erTi SexedviT
winaaRmdegobrivia, magram amave dros gawonasworebulia.
pirveli: esaa sabazro ekonomikis upiratesoba, imisaTvis,
rom Seiqmnas garkveuli simdidre. esaa is gakveTili,
romelic Cven miviReT sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Sedegad.
es gamocdileba memarcxeneobas ekonomikuri wesrigisaTvis
sWirdeba. meore idea isaa, rom mxolod Tavis Tavs mindobil
ekonomikas aucileblad moaqvs usiamovnebebi da
problemebi. problemebi, romlebic exeba socialur sferos da garemos dacvas. aseTi ekonomika, romelic mxolod
sakuTar Tavs aris mindobili, qmnis Zalian did
socialur uTanasworobas da winaaRmdegobebs. es imas
niSnavs, rom marqsizmi daskvnebSi SeiZleba mcdari iyo,
magram Tavis analizSi sworia. am or moments, romlebzec
Cven visaubreT, mivyavarT iqamde, rom Cven aucileblad
unda gaviTvaliswinoT iseTi mniSvnelovani sakiTxebi,
rogorebicaa socialuri problemebi da keTildReobis
saxelwifo. socialuri keTildReobis saxelmwifo araa
mxolod memarcxeneebis idea, magram memarcxeneebi Ziri-
Tadad swored am ideiT warmoaCenen TavianT Tavs. socialurma
saxelmwifom aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinos kompromisi
da didwilad unda iyos CarTuli socialuri
keTildReobis SeqmnaSi. socialur keTildReobas xuTi
instrumenti aqvs: esaa saxelmwifos makroekonomikuri
politika; meorea Sromis ufleba da minimaluri xelfasi;
mesamea socialuri dacva, rac gulisxmobs saxelmwifo
jandacvas da pensiebiT uzrunvelyofas; meoTxe esaa
rasac safrangeTSi sazogadoebriv momsaxureobas eZaxian,
magaliTad, sajaro ganaTleba; mexuTea moqalaqeebs
Soris Semosavlebis socialuri gadanawileba da daxmarebebi
yvelaze RaribebisaTvis. safrangeTSi Semosavlebis
50 procentis gadanawileba xdeba am principis
mixedviT. did britaneTSi esaa daaxloebiT 40 procenti.
skandinaviis qveynebSi ki ufro meti vidre 50 procenti.
anu SesaZloa es moxdes sxvadasxvanairad, magram yvelganaa
socialuri saxelmwifos TviTgamovlenis garkveuli
done.
globalizaciis is problemebi, romlebzec Cven visaubreT,
socialuri saxelmwifos efeqturobas kiTxvis
niSnis qveS ayenebs. memarcxeneoba da kerZod safrangeTis
memarcxeneoba Tvlis, rom globalizaciis am problemebis
warmoCena niSnavs imas, rom socialuri saxelmwifo
kargad ar muSaobs. amas Cven or strategiul Sedegamde
mivyavarT. pirvelia is, rom memarcxeneobam winaaRmdegoba
unda gauwios am zewolas. es imas niSnavs, rom Cven unda gardavqmnaT is rac dRemde vaSeneT ise, rom gaviazroT,
Tu ra aris globalizacia. meore strategiuli mimarTulebaa
kapitalizmisaTvis axali sivrcis Seqmna. anu
ekonomikuri globalizaciis mimarT erTaderTi pasuxia
politikuri globalizacia. evropelebisaTvis es sakiTxi
ZiriTadad gadis evropul konstituciasa da gaer-
Tianebaze. miteranis azriT, memarcxeeneebis meSveobiT moxda
evrosabWosa da evropis konstituciis axleburad gaazreba.
es iyo mcdeloba gaeerTianebinaT sxvadasxva problemebi
saerTo evropul erTianobaSi, kerZod ki germaniasTan
erTianobaSi. Cveni mizani iyo globalizaciis axal
doneze gasvla. da es sakiTxebi dResac frangi socialistebis
dRis wesrigSi rCeba. Cven vemxrobiT socialur
politikas da evropis erTsulovnebas, magram Semosavlebis
erTgvari regulirebiT. Cven kargad vacnobierebT
im msjelobasa da disputebs, romlebic dRes safrangeTSi
midis. 2003 wels safrangeTma uari Tqva evropis saer-
To konstituciaze. magram socialistebis umciresoba
jiutad mxars uWerda am konstitucias. amave dros yvela
socialisti imis momxrea, rom evropa iyos ufro socialuri.
esaa erTaderTi pasuxi im gamowvevis mimarT, romelsac
Cven globalizacia gviyenebs.
me minda davaskvna Semdegi sityvebiT. is brZola, romelic
midis evropis mSeneblobisTvis, aris globaluri
problema. vfiqrob, rom Cven amis gaanalizebis Zalian
kargi saSualeba gvaqvs, vinaidan socialistebi, rogorc
mecxramete saukunis bolos, yovelTvis fiqrobdnen, ara
marto erovnul problemebze, aramed saerTaSoriso problemebzec.
am brZolaSi, Tqvenma qveyanam, romelic sabWo-
Ta reJimidan gamovida, SeiZleba didi roli Seasrulos.
Zalian gasagebi da normaluria, rom sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg Tqven neoliberaluri ekonomikis gza air-
CieT. magram 15 wlis Semdeg, Tqven albaT ufro meti iciT
im uaryofiTi Sedegebisa da problemebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac
aseTi ekonomika iwvevs. TqvenTan sazogadoebaSi
arsebobs mimarTuleba moqalaqeTa socialuri dacvisaken. da am mimarTulebiT Tqveni moZraoba albaT Sedegiani unda
aRmoCndes, radgan evropis erTianoba swored imisTvisaa,
rom moxdes kapitalis regulireba. amitom rac ufro
Cqara warimarTeba TqvenTan amgvari moZraoba, miT ufro
mSvidad da dadebiTad moxdeba evropis gafarToeba. ai
esaa, risi Tqmac mindoda dRes.

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