სოციალ დემოკრატების სტრატეგია სოფლის მეურნეობის განვითარების შესახებ

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rogorc social-demokratebma ganvacxadeT,  dRes saqarTveloSi Seqmnili mdgomareoba moiTxovs radikalur cvlilebebs im sferoebSi, romelic qveynisaTvis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobisaa. erT-erTi aseTi mimarTulebaa soflis meurneoba, romlis ganviTareba nebismier qveyanaSi ukavSirdeba iseTi umniSvnelovanesi problemebis gadaWras, rogoricaa mosaxleobis sursaTiT uzrunvelyofa da am gziT sasursaTo usafrTxoebis, rogorc erovnul saxelmwifoebrivi usafrTxoebis Semadgeneli komponentis gamtkiceba; mrewvelobis nedleuliT uzrdunvelyofa da qveynis sagareo ekonomikur kavSirebSi aqtiuri CarTva. soflis meurneoba mrewvelobasTan erTad damoukidebeli saxelmwifos ekonomikur xerxemals warmoadgens.

miwa, sofeli da sasoflo sameurneo warmoeba, qarTveli kacisaTvis gansakuTrebuli faseulobebia. saqarTvelo uZvelesi agrokulturis, vazisa da xorblis kulturis qveyanaa. qarTvelebi samiwaTmoqmedo civilizaciis Seqmnis saTaveebTan idgnen da miwaTmoqmedeba maTTvis iyo ara mxolod sameurneo saqmianoba, aramed cxovrebis wesis da mentalitetis ganmsazRvreli faqtori. aswleulebis manZilze sasoflo sameurneo warmoebas TviTkmari xasiaTi hqonda da rogorc didi ilia SeniSnavda: “manam, qveyana qveyanas hgavda da Wkuis momkiTxavi patronica hyavda, Cven miwa-wyals CvenTvis sarCo-sabadobeli ar dahklebia”.

samwuxarod, dRes soflis meurneoba Rrma da xangrZliv kriziss ganicdis. soflis meurneobaSi amJamad dasaqmebulia qveynis SromiTi resursebis 56%-ze meti da mis wilad modis ZiriTadi sawarmoo fondebis 58%. agro seqtoris wvlili qveynis mTlian Sida produqtSi ki Seadgens 9%-s, xolo soflis meurneobaze gaweuli xarjebi biujetis 1,3 % -ia, rac erT-erTi yvelaze cudi maCvenebelia msoflioSi. dasaqmebulTa maRali xvedriTi wili soflis meurneobaSi da misi dabali xvedriTi wili mTlian Sida produqtSi, miuTiTebs sasoflo sameurneo warmoebis uaRresad dabal  produqtiulobaze. 1989 wels saqarTveloSi soflis meurneobis dasaqonlebis done 82 %-s udrida, 1998 wels 22 %-s, amJamad ki 18 %-is tolia. aq saxeze gvaqvs CvenTvis friad samwuxaro paradoqsi: sabWour, administraciul-mbrZaneblur sistemaSi piradi damxmare meurneobebi ufro metad iyo bazarze orientirebuli, vidre dResaa fermeruli meurneobebi. maSasadame, Cven saqme gvaqvs sasoflo sameurneo warmoebis naturalizaciasTan, rac misi degradirebis maCvenebelia. qeynis msoaxleoba ZiriTadad importirebul sakvebs moixmars. TbilisSi misi xvedriTi wili daaxloebiT 80 %-s Seadgens. importis aseTi moZaleba, ra Tqma unda, arsebi Tad uSlis xels adgilobrivi sasoflo sameurneo warmoebis ganviTarebas.

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobaSi Seqmnili krizisuli mdgomareoba warmoadgens rigi obieqturi da subieqturi faqtorebis     moqmedebis Sedegs. kerZod:

• ar arsebobs am dargis ganviTarebis saxelmwifo strategia;
• fermerul meurneobebSi ar arsebobs Sida dagrovebis wyaroebi da Sesabamisad ar xdeba warmoebaSi saxsrebis investireba;
• fermerul meurneobebs ar gaewevaT veterinaluri, agronomiuli, sakonsultacio momsaxureba;
• fermerebs ar SeuZliaT kreditebiT sargebloba da Tanamedrove teqnikuri aRWurvilobis SeZena, ris gamoc soflis meurneobis materialur-teqnikuri baza TiTqmis ar ganicdis ganaxlebas. aqve aR vniSnavT, rom 2000 wels 1990 welTan SedarebiT, sasoflo sameurneo mwarmoeblebs miewodebodaT 10-12- jer naklebi traqtorebi. aqedan gamomdinare, Sromis mwarmoebluroba am dargSi katastrofulad dabalia.
• soflis meurneobaSi ar xdeba qonebis, komerciuli riskebisa da sxvaTa dazRveva

Cven migvaCnia, rom aucilebelia siRrmiseuli da kompleqsuri RonisZiebebis gatareba saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis krizisidan gamosayvanad. kerZod, unda Seiqmnas soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis saxelmwifo strategia da misgan gamomdinare:

• biujetidan soflis meurneobis dafinanseba unda gaizardos minimum 4,5 %-mde anu samjer;
• saxelmwifos monawileobiT unda Seiqmnas sasoflo sameurneo warmoebaSi komerciuli riskebis dazRvevis gamarTuli da efeqtianad funqcionirebadi sadazRvevo sistema. saxelmwifom unda izrunos fermerebisaTvis dabalprocentiani da grZelvadiani kreditebis xelmisawvdomobaze;
• unda Seiqmnas soflad sainJinro da agroservisuli momsaxurebis Tanamedrove sistema; SemuSavdes da amoqmeddes saSuamavlo struqturebis funqcionirebis meqanizmi;
• unda Camoyalibdes sakontraqto urTierTobis sistema, sadac ganmsazRvreli roli mieniWeba sasursaTo produqtebze saxelmwifo dakveTebs da ganxorcieldeba fermerTa produqciis garantirebuli Sesyidva;
• unda damuSavdes soflad sabiTumo vaWrobis ganviTrebisa da saSuamavlo struqturebis Seqmnis programa, romelic uzrunvelyofs mtkice kavSirs soflis  saqonelmwarmoeblebsa da produqciis realizatorebs Soris;
• unda SemuSavdes da dainergos sazRvargareTis qveynebidan Semotanili im sasursaTo saqonlisagan saqarTvelos erovnuli bazris dacvis meqanizmi, romel saqonelsac adgilobrivi mewarmeebi qmnian;
• mTavrobam yvoelmxriv unda Seuwyos xeli fermeruli organizaciebis, kooperativebisa da asociaciebis Semqnas;
• aucilebelia, adgilobrivi xelisuflebis maqsimaluri CarTva sasoflo sameurneo warmoebis problemebis gadawyvetaSi.

social demokratebs migvaCnia, rom swori da mecnierulad dasabuTebuli strategiis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia saqarTelos soflis meurneobis aRmavloba, rac gaaZlerebs qarTuli saxelmwifos safuZvlebs da xels Seuwyobs Cveni moqalaqeebis cxovrebis donis amaRlebas.